Carburetor



Feb. 10, 1931. w. R 1,792,076

- CARBURETOR File d April 9, 1928 I INVENTOR. 'Meslgy m. (R065 Patented"Feb. 10, 1931 WESLEY M. CROSS, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN CARBURE'IORApplication filed April 9,

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a carburetor andhas for its object the provision of a carburetor in which air is ledinto and in contact with fuel contained in the carburetor in liquid formand led after passing through the liquid into the engine with whichused.

It is another object of the invention to provide a carburetor attachedto an internal combustion engine in such a manner that the operation ofthe engine will set up a vacuum in the carburetor and draw air intocontact with and through liquid fuel contained in the carburetor andserve to maintain through the 5 vacuum a constant level of liquid fuelin the carburetor.

vision in a carburetor of this class of an outlet delivery tube normallyprojecting into the liquid fuel.

Another ob ect of the invention is the provision in-a carburetor of thisclass having an outlet delivery pipe normally projecting into the liquidfuel of'an air tube communicating with the atmosphere. 7

Another object of he invention is the provision in a carburetor freefrom floats of vacuum controlled means for maintaining a constant levelof liquid fuel in the carburetor.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts.hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood from a reference to theaccompanying-drawings which form apart of this specification and inwhich,

Fig. 1 is a central vertical sectional view of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the invention. v

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fi 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1. v

The invention comprises a reservoir or bowl I 7. A neck 8 extendsupwardly from the bowl 7 and is provided with a threaded flange 9 whichthreads into the open end of the bowl 7 L Seated in the upper end of theneck 8 isa 001- 1928. Serial No. 268,514.

lar 10 engaging in which is a sleeve 11 pro jected through which is therockable rod 12 carrying the butterfly valve 13. A valveseat 14 isformed in the flange 9 engaging against which is the valve 15 projectingupwardly y from which is a stem 16 extending through the coil spring 17which engages at one end the flange 9 and at the other end a collarmounted fixedly on the stem'16.

A housing 18 provided' with perforations 19 and closed with the cap'20and 21 serves to shield the spring from dust, etc. The upper end of thestem 16 is provided with a ball whereby connection is made with the arm22 which is fixedly attached to the rod 12. In

the base 23' of the neck 8 there is threaded a Another object of theinvention is the pronipple 26 projecting. upwardly from which is thefunnel r25- Threaded on the nipple 26 at the side of the base 23opposite to the funnel 25'is a head 27 having tubular arms 29 radiatingoutwardly therefrom, each provided with a passage 28.

Threaded into the lower end of the head 27 and communicating therewithis a pipe 24 which extends below the normal level of the liquid fuelwhich is shown by the dotted line. The lower end of the pipe 24 isprovided with 1 a valve seat-against which the needle valve 35 which isthreaded through the base of the bowl 7 engages. Mounted on the lowersurface of. the base 23 and projecting inwardly of the bowl 7 is aconical shield 30 having its lower end open as at 31.

Projecting inwardly of the bowl 7 is a feed pipe 32 which extendsthrough the flange 9 and connects to a delivery pipe 33.

Leading from the valve seat 14 below the normal fuel level andcommunicating with the interior ofthe housing 19 when the valve 15 ismoved from its seat is a tube 34 which communicates atits lower endwith-a head 34' having a plurality of tubular arms 34 communicatingtherewith. Projecting later-- ally from one side of the neck 8 is atubular Inc 39 projecting inwardly of the sleeve 11, this sleeve servingas a guide for the movement of the valve 38. Mounted in the member 36 isa. sleeve 40 which serves as a cylinder, this sleeve 40 being secured inthe member 36 by set screws 41. Lateral openings 42 are formed in thesleeve 40, the outer end of the sleeve 40 being closed bya head 43 inwhich is formed the central opening 44. Slidably positioned in thesleeve 40 outwardly from the openings 42 is a piston 45 which isconnected to the stem 39. Embracing the stem 39 is a sleeve 46 carryingthe slotted drum 47, this drum having a plurality of slots or openings48 formed therein. Springs 49 engage shoulders formed on the member 40and the piston 45 to normally resist movement of the piston 45 in onedirection so that these springs normally retain the valve 38 on itsseat.

In operation, when the member 8 is connected to the intake manifold ofan internal combustion engine and the delivery pipe 33 connected to asuitable source of fuel supply and the engine set in operation, a vacuumwill be produced in the bowl 7. When the engine is idling this vacuumwill draw up- ,wardly in the tube 24 a small amount of liquid fuel whichmixing with the air conducted to the pipe 24 by the pipe 57 will becomevaporized.

lVhen the engine is bein operated for driving purposes, the butter yvalve 13 will be open and the valve 15 will be moved from its seat. Theengine setting up a vacuum in the bowl 7 will draw through the feed pipe32 sufficient liquid fuel until this fuel rises to the position shown bythe dotted line 59 upon which, no further delivery of fuel into the bowl7 will be effected as the vacuum cannot operate then through the pipe32. When this vacuum is set up, air will be drawn through the pipe 34and passed outwardly through the arms 34, this air becoming saturatedwith the liquid fuel and passing outwardly through the passages 28 so asto be delivered to the engine for COII1-- bustion purposes. As thecarrying off of the liquid fuel by the saturated air lowers the level59, further delivery of liquid fuel into the bowl 7 by the pipe 32 willbe effected.

\Vhen the engine is run at high speed so that additional air isrequired, the suction set up in the member 8 by the engine will becomegreat enough to move the valve 38 from its seat thus permitting theentry of the extra amount of air required. In this. way I have-provideda carburetor in which the floatmay be dispensed with in which a novelmixing of the gas and air is- "efiec'ted and'in which'nothing butpurevapor is delivered to'the' engine when running at normal speeds-'-Furthermore, by delivering the'air-througl'r the liquid fuel, theair'which is deliverodfto the engine under normal conditions is washedso that the use of a dust collector is unnecessary.

In first adjusting the device, the needle valve 35 is threaded inwardlyuntil'the desired adjustment is reached for idling purposes, it havingbeenfound that it is desirable for idling purposes that the tube 24project into the liquid fuel, the presence of the vapors being ofinsufficient quantities for idling purposes.

An advantage also of having the tube 24 project into the liquid fuel isthat a choking of the engine is eliminated thus avoiding all of thedisadvantages which result from choking. This becomes possible asinitially, upon starting of the engine, there will be drawn upwardlyinthe tube 24 sufficient fuel to start the engine'and because of themixture of the fuel with the air which enters through the pipe 57 thisfuel will serve the purposes of priming. and be delivered to the enginein a thoroughly vaporized and aerated form. This also prevents aflooding of the engine which is commonly done when a choke is usedl'While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of myinvention, I do not wish to limit myself to the precise details ofstructure shown but desire to avail myself of such variations andmodifications as may come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I'claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: 1

1. In a carburetor of the class described, a bowl adapted for thereception of liquid fuel; a conduit communicating with said bowl fordelivering fuel thereinto and extending inwardly of said bowl to thenormal level of the fuel contained therein; a conduit communicating withthe atmosphere and projecting inwardly of said bowl and openingthereinto at a position below the normal level of the fuel containedtherein; outlet passages communicating with said bowl and positionedabove the normal level of the fuel contained-therein; and an outletconduit communicating with said bowl and terminating at a position belowthe normal level of the fuel contained therein.

2. In a carburetor of the class described, a bowl for the reception ofliquid fuel; an outlet conduit communicating therewith and terminatingat a position below the normal level of the fuel contained therein; andmeans communicating with said conduit for delivering air thereinto at aposition below the normal level of the fuel; and a plurality of outletpassages connecting the interior of said bowl with said outletcond uit'above the normal level of the fuel in said bowl.

3. In a carburetor of the class described, a bowl for the reception ofliquid fuel, an outlet conduit communicating therewith and termmating ata position belowthe. normal level of the fuel contained therein; meanscommunicating with said conduit for delivering air thereinto at aposition below the normal level of the fuel; a conduit communicatingwith the atmosphere and projecting inwardly of said bowl and openingthereinto at a position below then'ormal level of thefuelcontained-therein; and means for controlling communication of said lastnamed conduit with the atmosphere.

4:. In a carburetor of the class described; a bowl for the reception ofliquid fuel an outlet conduit communicating therewith and terminating ata position below the normal level of the fuel contained therein; meanscommunicating with said conduit for delivering air thereinto at aposition below the normal level of the fuel, said conduit being incommunication with the interior of said bowl above the normal level ofthe fuel in said bowl.

5. In a carburetor of the class described: a bowl for the reception ofliquid fuel; an outlet conduit communicating therewith and terminatingat a position below the normal level of the fuel contained therein;means communicating with said conduit for delivering air thereinto at aposition below the normal level of the fuel, said conduit being incommunication with the interior of said bowl above the normal level ofthe fuel in said bowl; and means for controlling the amount of airdelivered to said conduit thrgugh said means communicating therewit Intestimony whereof I have signed the foregoing specification.

WESLEY M. cnoss.

